Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) Treatment and Prevention
The US is among the most obese nation in the world. Consequently, many in the country are living with diabetes and diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Studies suggest that more than 11% of the US population, that is, more than 37 million people, are living with diabetes.
DFU is a relatively common diabetes complication caused by high blood sugar levels, vascular diseases, and diabetic neuropathy. Studies suggest that up to 25% of those living with diabetes will develop DFU in their lifetime. It means several million individuals develop DFU every year.
It would be unwise to consider DFU merely as a chronic condition causing some distress. These poorly healing ulcers often get infected. In many individuals, infection becomes severe, does not respond to antibiotics, and severe complications like gangrene develop. Thus, diabetes is the leading cause of lower extremity amputations in the US and globally.
Therefore, American Diabetes Association says:
- All those living with diabetes should undergo a foot inspection at every visit to the specialist. In addition, they must undergo a comprehensive foot inspection to estimate DFU risk at least once a year, even in the absence of significant signs or symptoms.
Preventing DFU
Preventing foot complications is an important aspect of managing diabetes. Some effective ways to prevent diabetic foot complications include:
- Controlling blood sugar levels: High blood sugar levels can increase the risk of nerve damage and poor circulation, which can lead to foot complications. By keeping blood sugar levels within a healthy range, individuals can reduce their risk of developing foot complications.
- Regular self-inspection of feet: Regularly inspecting the feet for any signs of injury, infection, or other abnormalities can help to identify potential issues early and prevent them from becoming more serious.
- Wearing appropriate footwear: Wearing comfortable, well-fitting shoes that provide support and protection can help to reduce the risk of foot injuries.
- Avoid going barefoot: Going barefoot can increase the risk of foot injuries, so it’s important to wear shoes or slippers at all times.
- Maintaining good foot hygiene: Keeping the feet clean and dry can help to prevent infections and other foot complications.
- Regular exercise: Regular exercise can help to improve circulation and reduce the risk of nerve damage, which can help to prevent foot complications.
- Regular check-ups by a healthcare professional: It can help to identify individuals who are at increased risk of developing foot complications and implement appropriate prevention strategies.
DFU treatment
The treatment of diabetic foot complications depends on the severity of the condition. However, some common treatments for diabetic foot complications include:
- Wound care: Proper wound care is essential for treating diabetic foot ulcers. This may involve cleaning the wound, removing dead tissue, and applying dressings to promote healing.
- Infection management: If an infection is present, antibiotics may be prescribed to help treat the infection.
- Pressure relief: Pressure relief is important for treating diabetic foot ulcers. This may involve using special footwear or insoles to reduce pressure on the affected area.
- Debridement: It is a process that involves removing dead or damaged tissue to promote healing.
- Revascularization: It may be recommended for individuals with poor circulation, as this can help to improve blood flow and promote healing.
- Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be required to treat diabetic foot complications. This may involve removing infected tissue, correcting foot deformities, or improving blood flow.
It’s essential to seek medical attention if you experience any signs or symptoms of a foot complication, as prompt treatment can help to prevent further complications.
